Blackjack con botes enormes -
En el caso de que se pase, automáticamente pierde la apuesta, eliminando la posibilidad de empate. Aunque el crupier se pasara también, el jugador ya habría perdido anteriormente, con lo que el casino ya habría cobrado la apuesta.
La ventaja para el casino queda reducida por la posibilidad que tiene el jugador de ver una de las cartas del crupier y tomar decisiones con respecto a ella.
Así un jugador puede plantarse con 16 o menos, esperando que el crupier se pase, algo que no le está permitido al crupier. Igualmente puede duplicar la apuesta cuando crea que sus cartas son favorables con respecto a la carta visible del crupier, o puede desdoblar las cartas cuando tenga dos iguales y jugar por tanto varias manos contra el crupier en una mano que considere desfavorable para este.
Con una estrategia de juego adecuada, se aumenta significamente las posibilidades de ganar al crupier. No obstante los estudios muestran que aun jugando siempre el jugador de la manera más favorable, el casino sigue teniendo una pequeña ventaja en cuanto a que el jugador se termine pasando o quede por debajo del crupier, perdiendo por tanto su apuesta.
Una técnica utilizada por algunos jugadores consiste en el recuento de cartas. Las cartas intermedias 7 a 9 no suman ni restan. Cuando se está en puntuación positiva, hay más posibilidades de que el jugador obtenga una buena jugada, por lo que se puede apostar más fuerte.
En cambio con puntuación negativa las posibilidades de obtener una buena mano son peores, por lo que las apuestas deberían ser menores. Ha habido contadores de cartas muy hábiles, que obtuvieron grandes fortunas con esta técnica en los casinos, pero este juego es más beneficioso con juego en equipo que con juego individual.
Aunque todos los jugadores en la mesa solo tienen competencia contra el crupier, la distribución de cartas puede ser suficientemente al azar e impredecible jugando solo contra el crupier.
Ken Uston ha sido considerado por muchos expertos como el mejor punteador del juego de ventaja de la historia. Los punteadores de cartas no están bien vistos en los casinos, y si el casino detecta, o simplemente sospecha que un jugador está contando, le invitarán a cambiar de juego, o sencillamente lo expulsarán del casino amparándose en el derecho de admisión.
Sin embargo este juego no dejará de ser determinista contra generadores de números, simulaciones computarizadas y barajadoras continuas porque es inevitable que el jugador tenga 55 manos iniciales posibles con dos cartas: 10 manos duras, 10 manos suaves, 10 pares, 10 manos con carta diez posibles, combinaciones posibles versus carta visible del dealer, y el dealer siempre tendrá inevitablemente 10 cartas iniciales visibles por mano y 45 totales finales posibles por mano.
Como ya habrán deducido, el valor de las cartas en el Blackjack es muy importante debido a que debemos de saber en todo momento la suma de nuestra mano y la del crupier para saber que decisión tomar.
Si no sabemos cuanto vale nuestra mano, nunca podremos aplicar una estrategia que nos permita ganar. Los valores que toman las cartas son los siguientes: de la carta dos 2 hasta la carta diez 10 , el valor de la carta es su propio número.
Las figuras valen diez Los Ases pueden valer uno 1 u once 11 y será el jugador quien decida qué valor toman los Ases en cada momento de la partida. El crupier reparte dos cartas visibles a cada jugador.
El valor del As puede cambiarse según la necesidad de no pasarse del número Si a un jugador le sale un As junto con una carta de valor 10, obtiene blackjack automáticamente, ganando la apuesta salvo que el crupier obtenga también blackjack.
Al terminar de repartir las dos primeras cartas a cada jugador, el crupier pondrá luego su primera carta boca arriba de manera que sea visible para el resto de jugadores, quienes podrán tomar sus decisiones en función de esa carta, mientras que el crupier tendrá una segunda carta boca abajo en espera de su turno.
Cada jugador compite únicamente contra el crupier, siendo indiferente a las cartas que tengan el resto de los demás jugadores. Cada jugador tiene la posibilidad de plantarse y quedarse con cualquier puntuación, o de pedir más cartas hasta alcanzar los 21 puntos.
Alcanzar los 21 puntos con más de una carta extra no se considera blackjack, siendo por tanto esa jugada inferior al blackjack con dos cartas. Si al pedir una nueva carta se pasa de 21, el jugador pierde automáticamente la partida y sus cartas y apuesta serán retiradas por el crupier.
Cuando todos los jugadores hayan pedido sus cartas, el crupier mostrará su segunda carta boca abajo y sacará más cartas si fuera necesario hasta sumar 17 o más puntos para alcanzar el número 21, momento en el que se plantará.
Según el casino en que se juegue, el blackjack puede tener distintas variantes. En general hay dos versiones de blackjack, el europeo y el americano. La diferencia entre ellos es que en el caso del americano, el crupier, tras poner su primera carta visible, sacará su segunda carta que estará tapada, pero en el caso de que con la carta visible haya posibilidad de conseguir blackjack un As o una carta de valor 10 visible , comprobará la segunda carta antes de continuar para ver si tiene blackjack.
En el caso de tener blackjack, lo comunicará al momento finalizando la mano, con lo que en caso de que continúe el juego por no tener blackjack, sabremos que no estamos jugando contra un blackjack del crupier. Sin embargo en el caso del blackjack europeo, la segunda carta del crupier no se saca hasta que todos los jugadores hayan jugado su mano, sacando su segunda carta al final.
En este caso cabe la posibilidad de que tras aumentar nuestra apuesta, el crupier obtenga blackjack. Para el jugador, es más ventajoso el blackjack americano que el europeo.
El juego básico consta de una mesa con capacidad para hasta 7 jugadores, y un crupier, quien será el permanente oponente de los jugadores en representación del casino.
Cada jugador tiene por derecho a una casilla donde recibirá dos cartas y podrá hacer la apuesta que le plazca, siempre y cuando se acople a los montos máximos y mínimos que tenga cada casino. En cada mesa encontrará los montos máximos y mínimos que se pueden jugar.
Dependiendo del casino o incluso la mesa, se jugará con cartas barajadas manualmente por el crupier, jugando entre 4 a 8 barajas, usando un zapato del que sacará las cartas conforme avance el juego; o con cartas barajadas por una máquina automática donde la cantidad de barajas varía.
Las reglas básicas de este juego están planteadas hace varios años, pero a medida que ha pasado el tiempo, han ido surgiendo ciertas modificaciones que hacen que jugar al blackjack sea cada vez sea un poco más complejo y requiera más atención.
Las reglas comunes son que normalmente el blackjack directo del jugador se paga 3 a 2, salvo que crupier también tenga blackjack y empate. Si la carta visible del crupier es un As, se ofrecerá la posibilidad a cada jugador de comprar un seguro por si el crupier tiene blackjack. El seguro consiste en poner la mitad de lo apostado inicialmente para cubrir la posible perdida.
Si el crupier tuviera blackjack, recogerá todas las apuestas que no tuvieran blackjack y pagará los seguros a razón de 2 a 1, mientras que si no tiene blackjack, retirará el importe de los seguros. El caso del blackjack americano, también es habitual que si el jugador tiene blackjack y el crupier tiene un As visible, se le ofrezca la posibilidad de cobrar el blackjack con un 2 a 1 en lugar del 3 a 2 habitual como alternativa a la compra del seguro.
Esta decisión la tiene que tomar antes de que el crupier compruebe si tiene blackjack, ya que en caso de que el crupier tuviera blackjack, habría un empate entre el crupier y el jugador y este último solo recuperaría su apuesta inicial sin ganancias.
En general los expertos no recomiendan la compra del seguro, puesto que estadísticamente la posibilidad de que con un As visible el crupier tenga blackjack, es inferior a la posibilidad de que no lo tenga. Un jugador tiene la posibilidad de duplicar su apuesta tras recibir sus dos primeras cartas, pero esto significa pedir obligatoriamente una nueva carta y plantarse tras esa carta sea cual sea la puntuación que tenga.
En algunos casinos la posibilidad de doblar la apuesta está limitada a que el jugador tenga inicialmente 9, 10 u 11 puntos con las dos primeras cartas.
Cuando al jugador le salgan las dos primeras cartas del mismo valor, tiene opción a separar ambas cartas en dos apuestas diferentes, duplicando también la apuesta realizada. En este caso cada apuesta juega de manera separada contra el crupier. Si las cartas que se separan corresponden a dos ases, solo se le permitirá sacar una carta adicional en cada una de las dos apuestas separadas.
En caso de que al separar la apuesta en dos cartas se consiguiera en alguna de ellas 21 puntos con solo dos cartas, en este caso no se considerará blackjack.
Aunque las reglas varían sutilmente entre casinos, existen dos principales variantes del juego: el Blackjack americano y el europeo. En el caso de que la carta descubierta sea un As o una carta que valga 10 el crupier comprueba el valor de la carta tapada antes de pasar el turno, si ésta le permita hacer Blackjack, no pasa el turno a los jugadores, el crupier descubre la carta, los jugadores que tienen Blackjack empatan con el crupier, es decir no ganan pero tampoco pierden nada y los jugadores que no tienen Blackjack pierden su apuesta.
La diferencia en el reparto de cartas al crupier en las modalidades del Blackjack americano y el europeo afecta a la ventaja del casino. El casino tiene mayor ventaja en el Blackjack americano por varios motivos: cuando la carta descubierta del crupier señale que este puede conseguir Blackjack, comprobará el valor de la carta tapada, si tiene Blackjack el crupier no da turno a los jugadores y la partida se acaba, si no tiene Blackjack el crupier da turno a los jugadores que jugarán con la certeza de que el crupier no tiene la jugada máxima, información muy valiosa para saber si separar o doblar.
En el Blackjack europeo los jugadores siempre juegan antes que el crupier desconociendo si el crupier conseguirá Blackjack o no, pudiendo doblar o separar; si el crupier consigue Blackjack los jugadores que doblaron o separaron perderán todas las apuestas realizadas.
Blackjack games usually offer a side bet called insurance , which may be placed when the dealer's face-up card is an ace. Additional side bets, such as "Dealer Match" which pays when the player's cards match the dealer's up card, are also sometimes available.
After the initial two cards, the player has up to five options: "hit", "stand", "double down", "split", or "surrender". Each option has a corresponding hand signal. Hand signals help the " eye in the sky " make a video recording of the table, which resolves disputes and identifies dealer mistakes.
It is also used to protect the casino against dealers who steal chips or players who cheat. Recordings can also identify advantage players.
When a player's hand signal disagrees with their words, the hand signal takes precedence. A hand can "hit" as often as desired until the total is 21 or more. Players must stand on a total of After a bust or a stand, play proceeds to the next hand clockwise around the table. After the last hand is played, the dealer reveals the hole card and stands or draws according to the game's rules.
When the outcome of the dealer's hand is established, any hands with bets remaining on the table are resolved usually in counterclockwise order ; bets on losing hands are forfeited, the bet on a push is left on the table, and winners are paid out.
If the dealer shows an ace, an "insurance" bet is allowed. Insurance is a side bet that the dealer has a blackjack. The dealer asks for insurance bets before the first player plays.
Insurance bets of up to half the player's current bet are placed on the "insurance bar" above the player's cards.
If the dealer has a blackjack, insurance pays 2 to 1. In most casinos, the dealer looks at the down card and pays off or takes the insurance bet immediately. In other casinos, the payoff waits until the end of the play. In face-down games, if a player has more than one hand, they can look at all their hands before deciding.
This is the only condition where a player can look at multiple hands. Players with blackjack can also take insurance. When this happens, it is called 'even money,' as the player is giving up their payout for a payout when taking insurance with a blackjack, under the condition that they still get paid if the dealer also has a blackjack.
Insurance bets lose money in the long run. The dealer has a blackjack less than one-third of the time. In some games, players can also take insurance when a valued card shows, but the dealer has an ace in the hole less than one-tenth of the time.
The insurance bet is susceptible to advantage play. It is advantageous to make an insurance bet whenever the hole card has more than a one in three chance of being a ten. Card counting techniques can identify such situations. Note: Where changes in the house edge due to changes in the rules are stated in percentage terms, the difference is usually stated here in percentage points , not a percentage.
Blackjack rules are generally set by regulations that establish permissible rule variations at the casino's discretion. Most of the house's edge comes from the fact that the player loses when both the player and dealer bust.
The house edge for games where blackjack pays 6 to 5 instead of 3 to 2 increases by about 1. Player deviations from basic strategy also increase the house edge. Each game has a rule about whether the dealer must hit or stand on soft 17, which is generally printed on the table surface.
The variation where the dealer must hit soft 17 is abbreviated "H17" in blackjack literature, with "S17" used for the stand-on-soft variation. Substituting an "H17" rule with an "S17" rule in a game benefits the player, decreasing the house edge by about 0.
All things being equal, using fewer decks decreases the house edge. This mainly reflects an increased likelihood of player blackjack, since if the player draws a ten on their first card, the subsequent probability of drawing an ace is higher with fewer decks.
It also reflects the decreased likelihood of a blackjack—blackjack push in a game with fewer decks. Casinos generally compensate by tightening other rules in games with fewer decks, to preserve the house edge or discourage play altogether.
When offering single-deck blackjack games, casinos are more likely to disallow doubling on soft hands or after splitting, restrict resplitting, require higher minimum bets, and pay the player less than for a winning blackjack. The following table illustrates the mathematical effect on the house edge of the number of decks, by considering games with various deck counts under the following ruleset: double after split allowed, resplit to four hands allowed, no hitting split aces, no surrendering, double on any two cards, original bets only lost on dealer blackjack, dealer hits soft 17, and cut-card used.
The increase in house edge per unit increase in the number of decks is most dramatic when comparing the single-deck game to the two-deck game, and becomes progressively smaller as more decks are added. Surrender, for those games that allow it, is usually not permitted against a dealer blackjack; if the dealer's first card is an ace or ten, the hole card is checked to make sure there is no blackjack before surrender is offered.
This rule protocol is consequently known as "late" surrender. The alternative, "early" surrender, gives the player the option to surrender before the dealer checks for blackjack, or in a no hole card game.
Early surrender is much more favorable to the player than late surrender. For late surrender, however, while it is tempting to opt for surrender on any hand which will probably lose, the correct strategy is to only surrender on the very worst hands, because having even a one-in-four chance of winning the full bet is better than losing half the bet and pushing the other half, as entailed by surrendering.
If the cards of a post-split hand have the same value, most games allow the player to split again, or "resplit". The player places a further wager, and the dealer separates the new pair dealing a further card to each as before.
Some games allow unlimited resplitting, while others may limit it to a certain number of hands, such as four hands for example, "resplit to 4". After splitting aces, the common rule is that only one card will be dealt to each ace; the player cannot split, double, or take another hit on either hand.
Rule variants include allowing resplitting aces or allowing the player to hit split aces. Games allowing aces to be resplit are not uncommon, but those allowing the player to hit split aces are extremely rare. Allowing the player to hit hands resulting from split aces reduces the house edge by about 0.
Note that a ten-value card dealt on a split ace or vice versa will not be counted as a blackjack but as a soft After a split, most games allow doubling down on the new two-card hands.
Disallowing doubling after a split increases the house edge by about 0. Under the " Reno rule", doubling down is only permitted on hard totals of 9, 10, or 11 under a similar European rule, only 10 or The basic strategy would otherwise call for some doubling down with hard 9 and soft 13—18, and advanced players can identify situations where doubling on soft 19—20 and hard 8, 7, and even 6 is advantageous.
The Reno rule prevents the player from taking advantage of double-down in these situations and thereby increases the player's expected loss. The Reno rule increases the house edge by around 0. In most non-U. casinos, a "no hole card" game is played, meaning that the dealer does not draw nor consult their second card until after all players have finished making decisions.
With no hole card, it is rarely the correct basic strategy to double or split against a dealer ten or ace, since a dealer blackjack will result in the loss of the split and double bets; the only exception is with a pair of aces against a dealer 10, where it is still correct to split.
In all other cases, a stand, hit, or surrender is called for. For instance, when holding 11 against a dealer 10, the correct strategy is to double in a hole card game where the player knows the dealer's second card is not an ace , but to hit in a no-hole card game.
The no-hole-card rule adds approximately 0. The "original bets only" rule variation appearing in certain no hole card games states that if the player's hand loses to a dealer blackjack, only the mandatory initial bet "original" is forfeited, and all optional bets, meaning doubles and splits, are pushed.
In many casinos, a blackjack pays only or even instead of the usual This is most common at tables with lower table minimums. Although this payoff was originally limited to single-deck games, it has spread to double-deck and shoe games. Among common rule variations in the U.
Since blackjack occurs in approximately 4. Video blackjack machines generally pay a payout for a blackjack. The rule that bets on tied hands are lost rather than pushed is catastrophic to the player. Though rarely used in standard blackjack, it is sometimes seen in "blackjack-like" games, such as in some charity casinos.
Each blackjack game has a basic strategy, the optimal method of playing any hand. When using basic strategy, the long-term house advantage the expected loss of the player is minimized.
An example of a basic strategy is shown in the table below, which applies to a game with the following specifications: [15].
Most basic strategy decisions are the same for all blackjack games. Rule variations call for changes in only a few situations.
For example, to use the table above on a game with the stand-on-soft rule which favors the player, and is typically found only at higher-limit tables today only 6 cells would need to be changed: hit on 11 vs.
A, hit on 15 vs. A, stand on 17 vs. A, stand on A,7 vs. Regardless of the specific rule variations, taking insurance or "even money" is never the correct play under a basic strategy.
Estimates of the house edge for blackjack games quoted by casinos and gaming regulators are based on the assumption that the players follow basic strategy. Most blackjack games have a house edge of between 0.
Casino promotions such as complimentary matchplay vouchers or blackjack payouts allow players to acquire an advantage without deviating from basic strategy.
The basic strategy is based on a player's point total and the dealer's visible card. Players can sometimes improve on this decision by considering the composition of their hand, not just the point total.
For example, players should ordinarily stand when holding 12 against a dealer 4. But in a single deck game, players should hit if their 12 consists of a 10 and a 2. The presence of a 10 in the player's hand has two consequences: [17].
Even when basic and composition-dependent strategies lead to different actions, the difference in expected reward is small, and it becomes smaller with more decks.
Using a composition-dependent strategy rather than a basic strategy in a single-deck game reduces the house edge by 4 in 10,, which falls to 3 in , for a six-deck game.
Blackjack has been a high-profile target for advantage players since the s. Advantage play attempts to win more using skills such as memory, computation, and observation.
While these techniques are legal, they can give players a mathematical edge in the game, making advantage players unwanted customers for casinos.
Advantage play can lead to ejection or blacklisting. Some advantageous play techniques in blackjack include:. During the course of a blackjack shoe, the dealer exposes the dealt cards. Players can infer from their accounting of the exposed cards which cards remain.
These inferences can be used in the following ways:. A card counting system assigns a point score to each card rank e. When a card is exposed, a counter adds the score of that card to a running total, the 'count'.
A card counter uses this count to make betting and playing decisions. The count starts at 0 for a freshly shuffled deck for "balanced" counting systems. Unbalanced counts are often started at a value that depends on the number of decks used in the game. Blackjack's house edge is usually around 0.
Card counting works best when a few cards remain. This makes single-deck games better for counters. As a result, casinos are more likely to insist that players do not reveal their cards to one another in single-deck games. In games with more decks, casinos limit penetration by ending the shoe and reshuffling when one or more decks remain undealt.
Casinos also sometimes use a shuffling machine to reintroduce the cards whenever a deck has been played. Sometimes a casino might ban a card counter from the property. The use of external devices to help count cards is illegal throughout the United States.
Another advantage play technique, mainly applicable in multi-deck games, involves tracking groups of cards also known as slugs, clumps, or packs through the shuffle and then playing and betting according to when those cards come into play from a new shoe. Shuffle tracking requires excellent eyesight and powers of visual estimation but is harder to detect; shuffle trackers' actions are largely unrelated to the composition of the cards in the shoe.
Arnold Snyder's articles in Blackjack Forum magazine brought shuffle tracking to the general public. His book, The Shuffle Tracker's Cookbook , mathematically analyzed the player edge available from shuffle tracking based on the actual size of the tracked slug. Jerry L. Patterson also developed and published a shuffle-tracking method for tracking favorable clumps of cards and cutting them into play and tracking unfavorable clumps of cards and cutting them out of play.
The player can also gain an advantage by identifying cards from distinctive wear markings on their backs, or by hole carding observing during the dealing process the front of a card dealt face-down. These methods are generally legal although their status in particular jurisdictions may vary.
Many blackjack tables offer side bets on various outcomes including: [28]. The side wager is typically placed in a designated area next to the box for the main wager.
A player wishing to wager on a side bet usually must place a wager on blackjack. Some games require that the blackjack wager should equal or exceed any side bet wager. A non-controlling player of a blackjack hand is usually permitted to place a side bet regardless of whether the controlling player does so.
The house edge for side bets is generally higher than for the blackjack game itself. Nonetheless, side bets can be susceptible to card counting. A side count designed specifically for a particular side bet can improve the player's edge. Only a few side bets, like "Insurance" and "Lucky Ladies", correlate well with the high-low counting system and offer a sufficient win rate to justify the effort of advantage play.
In team play, it is common for team members to be dedicated to only counting a side bet using a specialized count. Some casinos, as well as general betting outlets, provide blackjack among a selection of casino-style games at electronic consoles.
Video blackjack game rules are generally more favorable to the house; e. Video and online blackjack games generally deal each round from a fresh shoe i. Blackjack is a member of the family of traditional card games played recreationally worldwide.
Most of these games have not been adapted for casino play. Furthermore, the casino game development industry actively produces blackjack variants, most of which are ultimately not adopted by casinos. The following are the most prominent and established variants in casinos. Examples of local traditional and recreational related games include French vingt-et-un 'twenty-one' and German Siebzehn und Vier 'seventeen and four'.
El Blackjack botees todo lo que un jugador Blackjack con botes enormes desear; reglas fáciles, acción y buenas Blackjck. Considerado como Blackjack con botes enormes de los juegos Ocn cartas más antiguos del mundo, su origen notes difuso. Blackjack con botes enormes han documentado enormess similares en wnormes Francia del siglo XVIII, como Bpackjack 21, una de sus versiones más populares. El juego llegó a Estado Unidos a través de los colonos franceses alrededor del año y rápidamente se extendió a todo el país hasta recibir su nombre oficial, en la primera mitad del siglo XX, y convertirse en todo un éxito. En primer lugar, cada jugador realizará la apuesta en su casilla. A continuación reparte dos cartas descubiertas a cada jugador y una para la Banca, también descubierta. Los jugadores podrán pedir cartas hasta conseguir 21 puntos o hasta que decidan plantarse. El blackjacktambién Juegos de mesa virtuales veintiunoes Blackjack con botes enormes juego de cartaspropio de los casinos con emormes o más barajas inglesas de 52 cartas sin los eonrmes, que enodmes en Blackjack con botes enormes un Blackjak lo más botds a 21 pero sin pasarse. Blackjack con botes enormes enormds casino cada jugador de la Blackjackk juega Blackjack con botes enormes contra el crupierintentando conseguir una mejor jugada que este. El crupier está sujeto a reglas fijas que le impiden tomar decisiones sobre el juego. Por ejemplo, está obligado a pedir carta siempre que su puntuación sume 16 o menos, y obligado a plantarse si suma 17 o más. Las cartas numéricas suman su valor, las figuras suman 10 y el as vale 11 o 1, a elección del jugador. En el caso del crupier, los ases valen 11 mientras no se pase de 21, y 1 en caso contrario. La mejor jugada es conseguir 21 con solo dos cartas, esto es con un As más carta de valor
Nützlich topic
die Unvergleichliche Mitteilung, gefällt mir sehr:)
Sie haben sich nicht geirrt, alles ist treu